Perennials, 3-25(-35) cm; rhizomatous, fibrous-rooted, caudices crownlike, sometimes branched. Stems ascending, sparsely to densely villous or tomentose, especially distally (hair cross walls often purplish black), minutely glandular. Leaves basal (persistent) and cauline; basal oblanceolate to subspatulate, 20-60(-100) × 3-6(-10) mm, cauline gradually reduced distally or little reduced on proximal ¹ / 2 , rarely all bractlike, margins entire, faces sparsely villosulous to glabrate, sometimes sparsely minutely glandular. Heads 1. Involucres 8-10(-11) × (10-)15-20(-30) mm. Phyllaries in 2(-3) series (reddish purple), densely lanate (hairs tangled, soft), glandular apically. Ray florets 100-200; corollas purplish to pink or white, 3-6(-8) mm, laminae erect (filiform, 0.3-1 mm wide), not coiling or reflexing. Disc corollas 3.8-5 mm. Cypselae 1.8-2.2 mm, 2-nerved, faces finely strigoso-hirsute; pappi: outer of setae (inconspicuous), inner of 20-30 (accrescent, surpassing disc corollas and involucres in fruit) bristles. 2n = 18. Flowering (Jun-)Jul-Aug. River terraces, snow beds, rocky hills, fell fields, shaley or gravelly slopes, well drained sand or silt, streambeds, peat deposits, herbmats proximal to snowbanks, dryas tundra; 400-2200 m; Greenland; B.C., Nfld. and Labr. (Labr.), N.W.T., Nunavut, Que., Yukon; Alaska; n Europe; Asia (Russia, Siberia). E vidence is not at hand that might clarify the biological relationship of and appropriate taxonomic rank for var. eriocephalus. Variety uniflorus occurs in the mountains of Europe and Caucasus, mostly south of var. eriocephalus; apparently the two intergrade [see detailed comments by S. G. Aiken et al. (http://www.mun.ca/biology/delta/arctif)].