PLANT: Unarmed large shrubs or small trees to ca. 15 m tall in AZ; trunks to 5 dm in diameter; bark gray, smooth, but in age with corky vertical ridges and/or ring shaped bumps. LEAVES: deciduous, highly variable; blades ovate to lanceolate, asymmetrical, (1 )2 9.5 cm long, (0.6 )2 5 cm wide, gray green above, yellow green below, often leathery, consistently bearing insect galls, the base asymmetrical and rounded to cordate, the apex usually acuminate to acute; margins entire or serrate on the distal ¾, the base nearly always entire; veins reticulate, the basal set of axils with dense tufts of hair; surfaces harshly scabrous to almost smooth, the abaxial hairs mostly on veins with those between veins very few, mostly erect, weakly pustular. DRUPES: spherical, orange to red, 6 8 mm in diameter, on pedicels (3 )7 20 mm long. NOTES: Usually in riparian and other wet areas: All AZ cos. except Navajo and Yuma; 600 1700( 2050) m [2000 5500( 6700) ft]; Mar Apr (fr. Aug Oct and persisting after leaves); WA and KS s to n Mex. The Navajo Kayenta used C. reticulata to treat indigestion. Vegetative specimens of Morus microphylla (Moraceae) are commonly misidentified as C. reticulata. The former can be distin¬guished by its having leaves without galls; hairs of the lower surfaces between the veins very numerous, strongly pustular, antrorse; and basal leaf margins serrate. REFERENCES: Brasher, Jeffrey W. 2003. Ulmaceae. J. Ariz. – Nev. Acad. Sci. Volume 35(2).

Trees or shrubs , (1-)7(-16) m; trunks rarely 6 dm diam.; crowns ± rounded. Bark gray with corky ridges. Branches without thorns, upright, villous when young. Leaves: petiole 3-8 mm. Leaf blade ovate, 2-4.5(-7) × 1.5-3.5 cm, thick, rigid, base cordate or occasionally oblique, margins entire or somewhat serrate above middle, apex obtuse to acute or somewhat acuminate; surfaces pubescent, abaxially yellow-green, adaxially gray-green, grooved, scabrous or not. Inflorescences of 1-4 flowers in axils of young leaves. Drupes reddish or reddish black when ripe, orbicular, (5-)8-10 mm diam., beaked; pedicel (4-)10-14 mm. Flowering late winter-spring. On dry hills, often on limestone or basalt, ravine banks, rocky outcrops, and occasionally in sandy soils; 300-2300 m; Ariz., Calif., Colo., Idaho, Kans., Nev., N.Mex., Okla., Oreg., Tex., Utah, Wash., Wyo.; n Mexico. The Navaho-Kayenta used Celtis reticulata medicinally in the treatment of indigestion (D. E. Moerman 1986).